Wind stilling‐reversal across Sweden: The impact of land‐use and large‐scale atmospheric circulation changes

This study analyses for the first time break in stilling detected by previous research around 2010, with focus Sweden using homogenized near-surface mean and gust wind speed observations 1997–2019. During recent past two decades, both magnitude frequency (exceeding 90th percentile) underwent nonlinear changes, driven dominant winter variability. In particular, consistent studies, significant (p < .05) ceased 2003, followed no clear trend afterwards. The stilling-reversal is linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation particular North Atlantic Oscillation intensity changes of extratropical cyclones passing across especially gusts. Furthermore, different change phases, observed distribution did not vary uniformly various ranges; instead, strong winds drove most changes. same way, increases are greater compared conditions. also identified ERA5 reanalysis, where captured. But background slowdown stations does appear data as increase forest cover considered reanalysis. reveals that, addition interannual variability, surface roughness (e.g., cover) contribute variability Sweden.